Optimisation of Diesel Engine Emissions using B25-CaO Fuel Mixtures and COPRAS Approach

Abstract

In this study, CaO nanoparticles were synthesized by burning. Utilizing temperature programmed reduction (TPR) techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and, oxygen storage capacity (OSC), the structure and the Raman spectroscopy of the nanoparticles were evaluated. Data was collected by running a diesel engine using "B25-CaO" fuel mixtures under operating conditions as 20%, 50% and 80% of its maximum load with a constant speed of 1600 rpm. To evaluate the engine outputs, the Analysis of Variance method was used. The CaO nanoparticles have a spinel shape and could store 13580 μmol/g of oxygen. The amount of exhausted particles was significantly reduced when B25 and CaO were combined. The emissions of carbon monoxide, particulate number, particulate matter, and hydrocarbon saw average reductions of 13%, 27%, 31% and 47.8%, respectively. Analysis of the soot particles' internal structures showed that the B25-CaO blend had well-organised particles surrounding the core's periphery. In order to rank the possibilities, the COmplex PRoportional ASsessment (COPRAS) approach was applied using the experimental data, which comprised all the parameters that were explored. For various engine loading circumstances, the optimisation analysis indicates that B25-CaO is a viable option to operate the engine at 50% load efficiency.