Advanced 5-Level Reduced Component Multilevel Inverter with Optimised Switching for Electric Vehicles
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Abstract
This paper presents an advanced 5-Level Reduced-Component Multilevel Inverter (5L-RCMLI) topology designed for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications, incorporating a minimal number of DC sources, switches and gate driver circuits. The proposed approach enhances the power conversion efficiency, reduces the system size, minimises the installation costs and achieves low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), making it as ideal for EV powertrains. Unlike conventional Multilevel Inverters (MLIs), the switching operation of 5L-RCMLIs introduces challenges in switch control. To address this, a binary representation algorithm using logical equations is implemented to generate an optimised switching sequence. This sequence is integrated with various multi-carrier Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) methods to produce a high-quality 5L output voltage while ensuring efficient operation of each switch. The performance of the proposed 5L-RCMLI is evaluated based on THD and compared with conventional 5L topologies employing multi-carrier PWM techniques. The improved inverter topology enhances EV powertrain efficiency by reducing the switching losses and improving the overall power quality. The simulation is conducted using MATLAB/Simulink to validate its effectiveness for EV applications.
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