Analysis of Congestion Control Algorithms in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks under Various Mobility Environment

Abstract

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) advancement is regarded as crucial for the efficiency and safety of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The low latency and minimal packet loss of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) enable seamless vehicle-to-vehicle interaction. However, ensuring security in VANET is a difficult task due to high data rates, channel uncertainty and heavy traffic. Recently, researchers have been emphasizing on resolving traffic congestion while guaranteeing the secure transmission of user data in V2V communication. Congestion detection and control are widely accepted, with numerous methods and applications available to alleviate information dissemination with a stabilized bandwidth that is affecting resource congestion. The performance of key applications can be significantly impacted by the quality and efficiency of V2V communication, particularly when the emergency or reliable communication of signals is transferred between vehicle-to-vehicle communications. This article reviewed the most cutting-edge techniques for spotting and easing congestion, as well as the evaluation matrices and elements that go into determining which ones work best. Additionally, the study clarified the constraints and problems with current congestion diagnosis and control strategies, and it closed with a discussion of several solution approaches and future hopes in vehicular communications to introduce safe vehicular conditions in urban and rural areas.