Braking in Railway Vehicles: A Review
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Abstract
The safe and efficient operation of rail vehicles is completely dependent on the braking systems. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various braking systems utilized in railway vehicles, encompassing both traditional and modern technologies. Beginning with an examination of the fundamental principles underlying braking systems, the paper explores the evolution of braking systems from manual to pneumatic, hydraulic, electro-pneumatic and electro-dynamic systems. Each braking system design, operation, advantages and limitations are discussed in detail, along with their applications in different types of railway vehicles such as freight wagons, passenger trains and locomotives. Special emphasis is placed on recent advancements in braking technology, including regenerative braking, disc brakes, vacuum brakes and electronic control systems. Furthermore, the paper addresses challenges and future directions in railway braking system development, focusing on enhancing safety, reliability and energy efficiency. Overall, this review offers valuable insights for researchers, engineers and practitioners in the field of railway transportation.
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