Enhancing Performance and Emission Reduction of Pongamia Pinnata Biodiesel with Nanoparticle Additives in CI Engines
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Abstract
This study investigates pongamia pinnata biodiesel, derived from karanja oil through transesterification, for its potential to reduce petroleum dependence and environmental impact. The experimental setup utilized a 4-stroke, single-cylinder compression ignition (CI) engine with a power output of 5.2 kW, operating at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. Performance and emission evaluations of the pongamia pinnata biodiesel were conducted in comparison to conventional diesel. From the investigation, B20 blend exhibited an 8.9% average decrease in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and a 12.5% increase in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at full load (100%) than D100. However, the introduction of 150 ppm alumina to the B20 blend (B20+150) resulted in a 7% increase in BTE and a 6% reduction in BSFC compared to the B20 blend. This marginal improvement in BTE and BSFC for B20+150 highlights the positive role of nanoparticles in enhancing the combustion efficiency and fuel economy, despite the inherent lower energy density of biodiesel. In terms of emissions, the B20 blend demonstrated a significant reduction in CO emissions by 37.8% and HC emissions by 14.8%, with a marginal increase in NOx emissions by 41.4% compared to diesel. The B20+150 blend further improved the emission reductions of HC and NOx, by 11.6% and 12.9% than B20 respectively.
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